{"id":11184,"date":"2026-10-29T17:14:20","date_gmt":"2026-10-29T08:14:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/?page_id=11184"},"modified":"2026-10-29T17:17:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T08:17:19","slug":"research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/research\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding Society through Connections"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>body .akea-page-title-wrap .akea-page-title{color:#173d4a!important;font-size:40px!important;line-height:1.35!important;font-weight:600!important} body .akea-page-title-wrap .akea-page-title-content{padding-top:64px!important;padding-bottom:26px!important} .ss-research{max-width:920px;margin:0 auto;text-align:left;color:#24323b;font-size:18px;line-height:1.95;overflow-wrap:break-word} .ss-research p{margin:0 0 1.25em;color:inherit;font-weight:400}.ss-research .ss-lead{font-size:1.12em;line-height:1.9;max-width:46em} .ss-research 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.ss-video-description{font-size:1em;line-height:1.95;margin:0 0 1.2em}<\/style>\n<article class=\"ss-research\" lang=\"en\">\n<p class=\"ss-kicker\">Research at the Social Simulation Laboratory<\/p>\n<p class=\"ss-lead\">People, firms, regions, and countries are connected in many ways. These connections enable knowledge creation and economic activity, but they also transmit the effects of disasters, financial crises, and infectious diseases. We combine real-world data with computational models to understand how interactions among individual actors shape outcomes across society.<\/p>\n<nav aria-label=\"Research themes and resources\">\n<ul class=\"ss-nav\">\n<li><a href=\"#resilience\">Shocks and supply chains<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#innovation\">Collaboration and technology<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#networks\">Economic and financial networks<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#health\">Epidemics and behavior<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#videos\">Videos<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#student-research\">Student research<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<section id=\"resilience\">\n<h2>How do local disruptions spread across an economy?<\/h2>\n<p>When a factory stops production, its customers may run short of essential inputs and reduce their own output. The effects can reach firms far from the original disruption, including those with no direct connection to the affected factory. Understanding these chains of dependence is essential to assessing economic losses and recovery.<\/p>\n<p>We use observed supplier\u2013customer networks to simulate production, inventories, procurement, and demand at the firm level. Research on the Great East Japan Earthquake shows how network concentration, difficulties in replacing inputs, and cycles of transactions influence the scale and persistence of losses. Incorporating establishment-level damage and power outages improves our reproduction of the initial decline in production after the disaster.<\/p>\n<p>We have extended this framework to restrictions on economic activity and disruptions to international trade. By comparing scenarios, we examine when coordination across regions and changes in sourcing can reduce losses. These are conditional model-based assessments: their purpose is to compare preparedness and recovery options while making the underlying data and assumptions explicit.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"ss-main-figure\">\n<p class=\"ss-punch\">Supply chains carry disruption far beyond the disaster area.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-earthquake-propagation-2019.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-earthquake-propagation-2019.png\" width=\"1596\" height=\"696\" alt=\"Maps of simulated production disruption immediately after the Great East Japan Earthquake and 20 days later\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/a><figcaption>Simulation at Day 0 (left) and Day 20 (right). Colored points indicate firms\u2019 production loss ratios; pink and blue areas mark direct earthquake and tsunami exposure. The effects spread across Japan through supply chains. Two panels selected from the original figure.<span class=\"ss-credit\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41893-019-0351-x\">Inoue &amp; Todo (2019), Nature Sustainability, Fig. 2a,b<\/a> \u00b7 \u00a9 The Author(s) 2019 \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-earthquake-propagation-2019.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">View full-size figure<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<details class=\"ss-paper-list\">\n<summary>Related papers<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"ss-refs\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41893-019-0351-x\">Firm-level propagation of shocks through supply-chain networks<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Nature Sustainability (2019)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0288062\">Simulation of supply chain disruptions considering establishments and power outages<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">PLOS One (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0294574\">Disruption of international trade and its propagation through firm-level domestic supply chains: A case of Japan<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">PLOS One (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17421772.2022.2158212\">Supply-chain simulations for shaping lockdown policies<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Spatial Economic Analysis (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"innovation\">\n<h2>What kinds of connections support the creation of new knowledge?<\/h2>\n<p>Invention depends on more than individual ability. Who collaborates with whom, where people meet, and which kinds of knowledge they encounter can all matter. We study these relationships using joint patent applications, citations, and the locations of inventors and establishments.<\/p>\n<p>Geographic proximity remains important for collaboration, while links to distant and international partners provide access to diverse knowledge. Repeated collaboration can build experience, yet more repetition does not consistently produce better outcomes. Analyses of Japanese and US patent data show the importance of maintaining diversity in teams and technologies.<\/p>\n<p>Historical evidence offers another way to investigate the role of interaction. Using the 1918 influenza pandemic in Japan, we find a relative decline in patent applications in collaboration-intensive technologies, driven largely by fewer new inventors entering patenting. Opportunities for interaction can therefore matter both for existing inventive activity and for the development of new inventors.<\/p>\n<p>We also investigate the value and use of knowledge. This includes measuring regional economic complexity, evaluating Japan\u2019s SBIR program, and predicting patent licensing with machine learning. In a recent study of 624,129 US patents, screening the top-ranked 10% captured about 90% of observed licensing events. This is a recall measure for prioritizing expert review, rather than a claim of 90% classification accuracy across all patents.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"ss-main-figure\">\n<p class=\"ss-punch\">Research collaboration combines international links with national clusters.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-global-collaboration-2020.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-global-collaboration-2020.png\" width=\"1382\" height=\"745\" alt=\"Global co-patenting networks in 1991\u20131995 and 2006\u20132010, with firms colored by country\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/a><figcaption>Networks of firms linked by co-owned patents in 1991\u20131995 (left) and 2006\u20132010 (right). Each point is a firm, colored by country. US, German, and French clusters are closely connected, while Japanese and South Korean firms form more distinct national clusters.<span class=\"ss-credit\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42973-020-00042-y\">Iino et al. (2020), The Japanese Economic Review, Fig. 5<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-global-collaboration-2020.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">View full-size figure<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<details class=\"ss-paper-list\">\n<summary>Related papers<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"ss-refs\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0137418\">Evidence for a Creative Dilemma Posed by Repeated Collaborations<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">PLOS One (2015)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.respol.2016.06.008\">The strength of long ties and the weakness of strong ties: Knowledge diffusion through supply chain networks<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Research Policy (2016)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42973-020-00042-y\">How does the global network of research collaboration affect the quality of innovation?<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">The Japanese Economic Review (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42973-025-00214-8\">The role of human interaction in innovation: evidence from the 1918 influenza pandemic in Japan<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">The Japanese Economic Review (2025)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0355826\">Patent license prediction using deep survival analysis: A comparative study<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">PLOS One (2026)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0238017\">Economic complexity of prefectures in Japan<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">PLOS One (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2158244017690791\">Evaluation of the Small Business Innovation Research Program in Japan<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">SAGE Open (2017)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"networks\">\n<h2>How do economic connections support activity and create systemic risk?<\/h2>\n<p>Firms exchange goods, borrow from banks, transfer money, and share knowledge. These relationships form several interconnected networks. We analyze supplier\u2013customer links, bank\u2013firm lending, money transfers, and international trade to understand the organization of economic activity.<\/p>\n<p>Large Japanese production networks contain communities that cross conventional industry boundaries, with both upstream\u2013downstream flows and feedback loops. We develop methods to separate and visualize these structures, investigate how trading relationships form, and study how the productivity of value-chain partners relates to growth. Work with regional bank-transfer data also examines how money flows reflect local economic activity.<\/p>\n<p>Our financial research compares the correlation networks of bank loan portfolios and equity returns, showing that different layers can reveal different structures and dynamics. A multilayer model of cross-country finance and trade further shows how losses passing between layers can expose vulnerabilities missed by single-layer analyses. This work connects the condition of individual institutions with the stability of the wider system.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"ss-main-figure\">\n<p class=\"ss-punch\">The same banks form different networks in lending and equity markets.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-bank-network-2010.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-bank-network-2010.png\" width=\"1476\" height=\"819\" alt=\"Japanese bank correlation networks in 2010, comparing loan portfolios and stock returns\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/a><figcaption>Japanese bank correlation networks in 2010: loan portfolios on the left and stock returns on the right. Links represent filtered correlations, rather than direct interbank lending. Network structures and central banks differ between the two layers. The two 2010 panels are selected from the original figure.<span class=\"ss-credit\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14697688.2025.2503270\">Luu et al. (2025), Quantitative Finance, Fig. 9c,d<\/a> \u00b7 \u00a9 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-bank-network-2010.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">View full-size figure<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<details class=\"ss-paper-list\">\n<summary>Related papers<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"ss-refs\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41109-019-0202-8\">Community structure based on circular flow in a large-scale transaction network<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Applied Network Science (2019)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-021-00274-x\">Money flow network among firms\u2019 accounts in a regional bank of Japan<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">EPJ Data Science (2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/icc\/dtad022\">Peer Effects in Productivity and Differential Growth: A Global Value-Chain Perspective<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Industrial and Corporate Change (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14697688.2025.2503270\">Multilayer interdependencies in the banking system of Japan: correlation dynamics and determinants<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Quantitative Finance (2025)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jrfm19030197\">Multilayer Propagation of Cross-Country Systemic Risk<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Journal of Risk and Financial Management (2026)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"health\">\n<h2>What can data reveal about epidemics and changing behavior?<\/h2>\n<p>Epidemic dynamics, mobility, and purchasing behavior vary across places and over time. We use aggregated location data, case counts, and online purchasing records to investigate patterns that broad averages can conceal.<\/p>\n<p>Research on Tokyo separates population influx into patterns and examines their associations with subsequent epidemic dynamics. This approach does not identify individual transmission events or establish where people became infected; it helps identify mobility patterns that warrant closer attention. For case forecasting, we combine epidemic and time-series models to account for regional differences and changing conditions.<\/p>\n<p>At the international level, analyses of lead\u2013lag relationships among national case series identify two coexisting patterns whose prominence changes between 2020 and 2021\u20132022. Research on a Japanese online shopping platform also finds that purchasing increases associated with case growth and emergency declarations were temporary during the study period. Distinguishing short-lived responses from lasting behavioral change is a central part of this work.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"ss-main-figure\">\n<p class=\"ss-punch\">The online purchasing boost did not persist after emergencies ended.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-online-shopping-fig6-2023.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-online-shopping-fig6-2023.png\" width=\"1445\" height=\"1058\" alt=\"Estimated effects before and after states of emergency on purchases, buyers, and purchases per buyer in 2020 and 2021\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/a><figcaption>Estimates from a major Japanese online shopping platform. Blue: purchase amount; red: number of buyers; green: purchases per buyer. Horizontal bars are 95% confidence intervals. The post-emergency estimates on the right show no sustained positive effect on total purchases.<span class=\"ss-credit\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-022-00375-1\">Inoue &amp; Todo (2023), EPJ Data Science, Fig. 6<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/research-online-shopping-fig6-2023.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">View full-size figure<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<details class=\"ss-paper-list\">\n<summary>Related papers<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"ss-refs\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-82962-y\">Hotspot analysis of COVID-19 infection in Tokyo based on influx patterns<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Scientific Reports (2025)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10015-024-00959-2\">Prediction of COVID-19 cases using SIR and AR models: Tokyo-specific and nationwide application<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">Artificial Life and Robotics (2024)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-026-00639-0\">The global dissemination of COVID-19 through two coexisting international transmission patterns<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">EPJ Data Science (2026)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-022-00375-1\">Has Covid-19 permanently changed online purchasing behavior?<\/a><span class=\"ss-journal\">EPJ Data Science (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"approach\">\n<h2>Using data to investigate mechanisms and compare options<\/h2>\n<p>Our starting point is how to observe social systems. We identify the relationships represented in patent, transaction, financial, and mobility data, and study them as networks. Depending on the question, we combine statistical analysis, causal inference, network science, machine learning, and agent-based simulation.<\/p>\n<p>We distinguish observed associations from causal effects, and empirical records from conditional simulation results. Through this combination, we seek to explain mechanisms and inform the comparison of policy and business options.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"videos\">\n<h2>Research and laboratory videos<\/h2>\n<div class=\"ss-video-grid\">\n<figure class=\"ss-video\">\n<p class=\"ss-video-description\">In 2021, Hiroyasu Inoue was selected as a NISTEP Selection researcher by Japan\u2019s National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP).<\/p>\n<p class=\"ss-video-description\">In the talk below, he introduces his research journey and explains how large-scale simulations help us understand the economy, with a particular focus on supply chains.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ss-video-description\">The talk is in Japanese.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ss-video-frame\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Js8YpBIq8-U?feature=oembed\" srcdoc=\"&lt;!doctype html&gt;&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;viewport&quot; content=&quot;width=device-width,initial-scale=1&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;html,body{margin:0;height:100%;background:#111;font-family:system-ui,sans-serif}a{position:relative;display:flex;height:100%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:white;text-decoration:none}img{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain}span{z-index:1;background:#c00;border-radius:12px;padding:14px 22px;font-size:20px;box-shadow:0 2px 12px #0008}a:focus-visible{outline:4px solid #fff;outline-offset:-4px}&lt;\/style&gt;&lt;\/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Js8YpBIq8-U?feature=oembed&quot; onclick=&quot;event.preventDefault();var f=window.frameElement;f.loading=&amp;quot;eager&amp;quot;;f.src=this.href;f.removeAttribute(&amp;quot;srcdoc&amp;quot;);&quot; aria-label=&quot;Simulating supply chains with Fugaku (in Japanese)&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/Js8YpBIq8-U\/hqdefault.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#9654; Play video&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/body&gt;&lt;\/html&gt;\" title=\"Simulating supply chains with Fugaku (in Japanese)\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><figcaption>Simulating supply chains with Fugaku (in Japanese)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"ss-video\">\n<p class=\"ss-video-description\">The video below introduces social simulation and offers a glimpse into the approaches used in our laboratory. It is from a lecture given in April 2020.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ss-video-description\">The lecture is in Japanese.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ss-video-frame\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3KnyJOZAfms?feature=oembed\" srcdoc=\"&lt;!doctype html&gt;&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;viewport&quot; content=&quot;width=device-width,initial-scale=1&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;html,body{margin:0;height:100%;background:#111;font-family:system-ui,sans-serif}a{position:relative;display:flex;height:100%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:white;text-decoration:none}img{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain}span{z-index:1;background:#c00;border-radius:12px;padding:14px 22px;font-size:20px;box-shadow:0 2px 12px #0008}a:focus-visible{outline:4px solid #fff;outline-offset:-4px}&lt;\/style&gt;&lt;\/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3KnyJOZAfms?feature=oembed&quot; onclick=&quot;event.preventDefault();var f=window.frameElement;f.loading=&amp;quot;eager&amp;quot;;f.src=this.href;f.removeAttribute(&amp;quot;srcdoc&amp;quot;);&quot; aria-label=&quot;Introduction to social simulation (in Japanese)&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/3KnyJOZAfms\/hqdefault.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#9654; Play video&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/body&gt;&lt;\/html&gt;\" title=\"Introduction to social simulation (in Japanese)\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><figcaption>Introduction to social simulation (in Japanese)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"ss-video\">\n<p class=\"ss-video-description\">The video below introduces our laboratory to undergraduate students in the School of Social Information Science at the University of Hyogo who are considering joining us for their final-year research.<\/p>\n<p class=\"ss-video-description\">The video is in Japanese.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ss-video-frame\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lF3cyBj1_3Y?feature=oembed\" srcdoc=\"&lt;!doctype html&gt;&lt;html&gt;&lt;head&gt;&lt;meta name=&quot;viewport&quot; content=&quot;width=device-width,initial-scale=1&quot;&gt;&lt;style&gt;html,body{margin:0;height:100%;background:#111;font-family:system-ui,sans-serif}a{position:relative;display:flex;height:100%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:white;text-decoration:none}img{position:absolute;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:contain}span{z-index:1;background:#c00;border-radius:12px;padding:14px 22px;font-size:20px;box-shadow:0 2px 12px #0008}a:focus-visible{outline:4px solid #fff;outline-offset:-4px}&lt;\/style&gt;&lt;\/head&gt;&lt;body&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lF3cyBj1_3Y?feature=oembed&quot; onclick=&quot;event.preventDefault();var f=window.frameElement;f.loading=&amp;quot;eager&amp;quot;;f.src=this.href;f.removeAttribute(&amp;quot;srcdoc&amp;quot;);&quot; aria-label=&quot;Graduation research briefing for fourth-year students in the School of Social Information Science, University of Hyogo (in Japanese)&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/lF3cyBj1_3Y\/hqdefault.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; loading=&quot;lazy&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;#9654; Play video&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/body&gt;&lt;\/html&gt;\" title=\"Graduation research briefing for fourth-year students in the School of Social Information Science, University of Hyogo (in Japanese)\" loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"accelerometer; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><figcaption>Graduation research briefing for fourth-year students in the School of Social Information Science, University of Hyogo (in Japanese)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"student-research\" class=\"lab-student-research\" style=\"text-align:left\">\n<h2>Student Research<\/h2>\n<p>Select an image or title to open the research overview below.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lab-research-gallery\">\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-otsuka-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Predicting Breakthrough Papers Using Temporal Citation-Network Features\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Hayato Otsuka<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Predicting Breakthrough Papers Using Temporal Citation-Network Features<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-otsuka-en.webp\" alt=\"Hayato Otsuka \u2014 Predicting Breakthrough Papers Using Temporal Citation-Network Features\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-karashima-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Evaluating Firms and Prefectures Through Technological Complexity in Patent Data\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Rintaro Karashima<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Evaluating Firms and Prefectures Through Technological Complexity in Patent Data<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-karashima-en.webp\" alt=\"Rintaro Karashima \u2014 Evaluating Firms and Prefectures Through Technological Complexity in Patent Data\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-fukui-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Unsupervised Transportation Mode Estimation Using GPS Data and GIS Information\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Misaki Fukui<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Unsupervised Transportation Mode Estimation Using GPS Data and GIS Information<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-fukui-en.webp\" alt=\"Misaki Fukui \u2014 Unsupervised Transportation Mode Estimation Using GPS Data and GIS Information\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-chae-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Quantifying Financial Risk Propagation in International Networks Using Multilayer DebtRank\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Junhyun Chae<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Quantifying Financial Risk Propagation in International Networks Using Multilayer DebtRank<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-chae-en.webp\" alt=\"Junhyun Chae \u2014 Quantifying Financial Risk Propagation in International Networks Using Multilayer DebtRank\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-ikeda-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Alleviating Urban Traffic Congestion Through Signal Control Using a Traffic Simulator\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Tomoya Ikeda<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Alleviating Urban Traffic Congestion Through Signal Control Using a Traffic Simulator<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-ikeda-en.webp\" alt=\"Tomoya Ikeda \u2014 Alleviating Urban Traffic Congestion Through Signal Control Using a Traffic Simulator\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-tamaki-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Firm-Level Supply Chain Simulation Based on Interprefectural Input-Output Tables\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Katsumi Tamaki<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Firm-Level Supply Chain Simulation Based on Interprefectural Input-Output Tables<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-tamaki-en.webp\" alt=\"Katsumi Tamaki \u2014 Firm-Level Supply Chain Simulation Based on Interprefectural Input-Output Tables\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-yamamoto-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Simulating the Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Urban Traffic\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Ryuki Yamamoto<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Simulating the Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Urban Traffic<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-yamamoto-en.webp\" alt=\"Ryuki Yamamoto \u2014 Simulating the Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Urban Traffic\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-nakagori-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Predicting and Analyzing Urban Traffic with Explainable Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Hiroto Nakagori<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Predicting and Analyzing Urban Traffic with Explainable Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-nakagori-en.webp\" alt=\"Hiroto Nakagori \u2014 Predicting and Analyzing Urban Traffic with Explainable Spatiotemporal Graph Neural Networks\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-yamato-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Inferring Political Orientation from Social Media\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Sachi Yamato<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Inferring Political Orientation from Social Media<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-yamato-en.webp\" alt=\"Sachi Yamato \u2014 Inferring Political Orientation from Social Media\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-yamada-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Regional Industrial Diversity and Economic Growth in Japan\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Kozaburo Yamada<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Regional Industrial Diversity and Economic Growth in Japan<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-yamada-en.webp\" alt=\"Kozaburo Yamada \u2014 Regional Industrial Diversity and Economic Growth in Japan\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-hamamoto-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Investigating Internet Growth Through Community Detection and Temporal Evolution\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Takumi Hamamoto<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Investigating Internet Growth Through Community Detection and Temporal Evolution<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-hamamoto-en.webp\" alt=\"Takumi Hamamoto \u2014 Investigating Internet Growth Through Community Detection and Temporal Evolution\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-tamakoshi-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Machine-Learning Classification of Collective Motion Using Position- and Orientation-Based Symbols\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Tomoya Tamakoshi<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Machine-Learning Classification of Collective Motion Using Position- and Orientation-Based Symbols<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-tamakoshi-en.webp\" alt=\"Tomoya Tamakoshi \u2014 Machine-Learning Classification of Collective Motion Using Position- and Orientation-Based Symbols\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-tanaka-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Discovering Collective Behavior in Spatiotemporal Data Using Topic Models\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Hideaki Tanaka<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Discovering Collective Behavior in Spatiotemporal Data Using Topic Models<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-tanaka-en.webp\" alt=\"Hideaki Tanaka \u2014 Discovering Collective Behavior in Spatiotemporal Data Using Topic Models\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary><span class=\"lab-visual\"><img src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-mizushima-thumb.webp\" alt=\"Network Properties Influencing Retweet Behavior on Twitter\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><\/span><span class=\"lab-name\">Hiroki Mizushima<\/span><span class=\"lab-title\">Network Properties Influencing Retweet Behavior on Twitter<\/span><span class=\"lab-open-label\">View research +<\/span><\/summary>\n<p><img class=\"lab-full\" src=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/lab-research-mizushima-en.webp\" alt=\"Hiroki Mizushima \u2014 Network Properties Influencing Retweet Behavior on Twitter\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><span class=\"lab-close-hint\">Select the title again to close.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"more\">\n<h2>Explore further<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"ss-footer-links\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/publication\/\">Publications<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#student-research\">Student research<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/for-prospective-graduate-students\/\">For prospective graduate students<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research at the Social Simulation Laboratory People, firms, regions, and countries are connected in many ways. These connections enable knowledge creation and economic activity, but they also transmit the effects of disasters, financial crises, and infectious diseases. We combine real-world data with computational models to understand how interactions among individual actors shape outcomes across society. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11184","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prodigium.jp\/personal\/research\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.4\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Social Simulation Laboratory |\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Understanding Society through Connections | Social Simulation Laboratory\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" 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